18 flashcards · Shared on 19 August 2026 by AtomAI Library
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When and where was the Treaty of Versailles signed?
28 June 1919 at the Palace of Versailles
When and where was the Treaty of Versailles signed?
28 June 1919 at the Palace of Versailles
Which countries were represented by the three leaders known as the Big Three at the Paris Peace Conference?
Britain, France and the United States
What role did Germany have in negotiating the Treaty of Versailles?
It was excluded from the negotiations and presented with the terms
What was French prime minister Georges Clemenceau's main aim at the peace conference?
To protect France by weakening Germany and obtaining security guarantees
What did Article 231 of the treaty establish?
Germany and its allies' responsibility for war-related loss and damage
Why was Article 231 important to the reparations settlement?
It provided a legal basis for demanding compensation from Germany
What reparations total was set for Germany in 1921?
132 billion gold marks
Which territory was returned to France under the Treaty of Versailles?
Alsace-Lorraine
What was the Polish Corridor?
Territory giving Poland access to the Baltic Sea and separating East Prussia from most of Germany
How did the treaty deal with the Saar Basin?
It was administered by the League of Nations for 15 years, while France received its coal output
Which military restriction was imposed on Germany?
Its army was limited to 100,000 men and conscription was forbidden
What restriction applied to the Rhineland?
It remained German but was demilitarized
How did the treaty affect Germany's overseas colonies?
They were transferred to League of Nations mandates administered by victorious powers
What did the treaty say about a political union between Germany and Austria?
It prohibited the union known as Anschluss
Which outcome weakened the League of Nations from its beginning?
The United States Senate rejected the treaty, so the United States did not join
Why did French and Belgian forces occupy the Ruhr in 1923?
Germany had fallen behind on reparations deliveries
How did Germany's response to the Ruhr occupation contribute to the 1923 crisis?
Passive resistance reduced production while the government printed money to support workers
Which statement best describes the treaty's longer-term political consequences in Germany?
It created resentment that nationalist movements, including the Nazis, later exploited