Networks, protocols and the TCP/IP model

What is a computer network?

A collection of connected devices that can communicate and share resources

In networking, what is a protocol?

An agreed set of rules for communication between devices

Which sequence lists the four TCP/IP model layers from highest to lowest?

Application, Transport, Internet, Network Access

What is the main role of the application layer in the TCP/IP model?

To provide network services used by applications

Which task is performed by the transport layer?

Managing end-to-end communication between applications

What is the main function of the Internet layer?

Addressing and routing packets across networks

What does the network access layer handle?

Communication over the local network medium

What is encapsulation in network communication?

Adding protocol information as data moves down through network layers

Which statement correctly distinguishes TCP from UDP?

TCP is connection-oriented and supports reliable, ordered delivery; UDP does not guarantee delivery or order

Why might an application use UDP rather than TCP?

UDP has lower overhead and can suit time-sensitive communication

What is the purpose of a port number?

To identify a particular application or service on a device

Which protocol is primarily used to translate domain names into IP addresses?

DNS

What does DHCP commonly provide to a device joining a network?

A temporary IP configuration, including an IP address

Which protocol is used to transfer web pages and related resources between web clients and servers?

HTTP

How do a router and a switch usually differ?

A router forwards packets between networks, while a switch forwards frames within a local network

Which address is mainly used to route data between networks?

An IP address

What is packet switching?

Dividing data into packets that may travel independently through a network

What happens during decapsulation at the receiving device?

Protocol information is removed as data moves up through the layers