Momentum and collisions

During a collision between two objects, how do the forces they exert on each other compare?

The forces are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction

A constant force of 10 N acts on an object for 0.20 s. What impulse does it provide?

2.0 N·s

What does the area under a force–time graph represent?

Impulse

A stationary object explodes into two fragments in an isolated system. What must be true immediately afterward?

Their momenta are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction

Which statement correctly describes momentum?

It is a vector in the direction of velocity

Which quantities are conserved in an isolated elastic collision?

Momentum and kinetic energy

What is the linear momentum of an object?

Its mass multiplied by its velocity

What characterizes a perfectly inelastic collision?

The objects stick together after colliding

How is momentum conservation applied to a two-dimensional collision?

Momentum is conserved separately in perpendicular component directions

Impulse is equal to which change in an object?

Change in momentum

When is the total momentum of a system conserved?

When the net external impulse on the system is zero

A 3 kg object moves at 4 m/s in the positive direction. What is its momentum?

12 kg·m/s

A 2 kg cart moving at 3 m/s collides with a stationary 1 kg cart, and they stick together. What is their final velocity?

2 m/s in the original direction

What happens to kinetic energy in an isolated inelastic collision?

Some kinetic energy is transformed into other forms

Two objects collide in an isolated system. What is the relationship between their changes in momentum?

They are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction

What does the coefficient of restitution measure in a one-dimensional collision?

The ratio of relative separation speed to relative approach speed