16 flashcards · Shared on 19 August 2026 by AtomAI Library
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What is the usual outcome of one completed mitotic division?
Two daughter cells with the same chromosome number as the parent cell
What is the usual outcome of one completed mitotic division?
Two daughter cells with the same chromosome number as the parent cell
Starting with one diploid cell, what is the usual outcome after meiosis is completed?
Four haploid cells
Which statement best describes homologous chromosomes?
Chromosomes that carry the same genes at corresponding loci but may have different alleles
Which event occurs in prophase I of meiosis but not normally in mitosis?
Pairing of homologous chromosomes
What is crossing over?
Exchange of DNA between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes
During which stage are homologous chromosomes separated while sister chromatids remain joined?
Anaphase I of meiosis
What happens to sister chromatids during anaphase of mitosis and anaphase II of meiosis?
They separate and move toward opposite poles
How do chromosomes usually align differently in metaphase of mitosis and metaphase I of meiosis?
They align individually in mitosis but as homologous pairs in meiosis I
Which statement correctly compares DNA replication before mitosis and meiosis?
DNA replicates before mitosis and before meiosis I, but not between meiosis I and II
After meiosis I, which description of each daughter cell is correct?
It is haploid, and each chromosome still has two sister chromatids
Which combination of processes generates genetic variation during meiosis?
Crossing over and independent assortment of homologous pairs
What is independent assortment in meiosis?
The random orientation of each homologous chromosome pair at metaphase I
What is a major biological role of mitosis in multicellular organisms?
Growth, tissue repair, and replacement of cells
Why is meiosis important in sexual life cycles?
It produces haploid cells so fertilization can restore the diploid number
In animals, where do mitosis and meiosis typically occur?
Mitosis occurs in somatic cells, while meiosis occurs in germ-line cells that produce gametes
Which comparison of genetic similarity is generally correct, assuming no new mutations?
Mitosis produces genetically similar daughter cells, whereas meiosis produces genetically varied cells