18 flashcards · Shared on 19 August 2026 by AtomAI Library
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What are intermolecular forces?
Attractions between separate particles, such as molecules
What are intermolecular forces?
Attractions between separate particles, such as molecules
Which intermolecular force is present in all atoms and molecules?
London dispersion forces
London dispersion forces arise from which phenomenon?
Temporary fluctuations in electron distribution that create instantaneous dipoles
Which substance can form hydrogen bonds between its own molecules?
NH3
Hydrogen bonding occurs when hydrogen is covalently bonded to which set of elements?
Fluorine, oxygen, or nitrogen
What is the main intermolecular attraction between HCl molecules?
Dipole–dipole attraction
Why does water have a much higher boiling point than methane?
Water has stronger intermolecular forces, including hydrogen bonding
For similar substances, how does increasing the strength of intermolecular forces generally affect boiling point?
It raises the boiling point
At the same temperature, a liquid with stronger intermolecular forces generally has what kind of vapor pressure?
Lower vapor pressure
How do stronger intermolecular forces generally affect a liquid's viscosity?
They increase viscosity by resisting molecular motion
Surface tension is best described as what?
The tendency of a liquid surface to resist an increase in area
Stronger cohesive forces between liquid molecules generally produce which result?
Higher surface tension
Why do London dispersion forces generally become stronger as molecular size and electron count increase?
Larger electron clouds are more easily polarized
Among nonpolar molecules with similar molar masses, which shape generally produces stronger dispersion forces?
An extended shape with greater surface contact
What is an ion–dipole force?
Attraction between an ion and the partial charges of a polar molecule
Which interaction is especially important when sodium chloride dissolves in water?
Ion–dipole attractions between ions and water molecules
Which statement best summarizes the phrase “like dissolves like”?
Solutes dissolve best in solvents with similar polarity and intermolecular attractions
What must happen to intermolecular attractions when a molecular liquid vaporizes?
They must be overcome so molecules can separate into the gas phase